1/* Copyright (C) 1991-2019 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
2 This file is part of the GNU C Library.
3
4 The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
5 modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
6 License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
7 version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
8
9 The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
12 Lesser General Public License for more details.
13
14 You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
15 License along with the GNU C Library; if not, see
16 <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */
17
18/*
19 * ISO C99 Standard: 7.20 General utilities <stdlib.h>
20 */
21
22#ifndef _STDLIB_H
23
24#define __GLIBC_INTERNAL_STARTING_HEADER_IMPLEMENTATION
25#include <bits/libc-header-start.h>
26
27/* Get size_t, wchar_t and NULL from <stddef.h>. */
28#define __need_size_t
29#define __need_wchar_t
30#define __need_NULL
31#include <stddef.h>
32
33__BEGIN_DECLS
34
35#define _STDLIB_H 1
36
37#if (defined __USE_XOPEN || defined __USE_XOPEN2K8) && !defined _SYS_WAIT_H
38/* XPG requires a few symbols from <sys/wait.h> being defined. */
39# include <bits/waitflags.h>
40# include <bits/waitstatus.h>
41
42/* Define the macros <sys/wait.h> also would define this way. */
43# define WEXITSTATUS(status) __WEXITSTATUS (status)
44# define WTERMSIG(status) __WTERMSIG (status)
45# define WSTOPSIG(status) __WSTOPSIG (status)
46# define WIFEXITED(status) __WIFEXITED (status)
47# define WIFSIGNALED(status) __WIFSIGNALED (status)
48# define WIFSTOPPED(status) __WIFSTOPPED (status)
49# ifdef __WIFCONTINUED
50# define WIFCONTINUED(status) __WIFCONTINUED (status)
51# endif
52#endif /* X/Open or XPG7 and <sys/wait.h> not included. */
53
54/* _FloatN API tests for enablement. */
55#include <bits/floatn.h>
56
57/* Returned by `div'. */
58typedef struct
59 {
60 int quot; /* Quotient. */
61 int rem; /* Remainder. */
62 } div_t;
63
64/* Returned by `ldiv'. */
65#ifndef __ldiv_t_defined
66typedef struct
67 {
68 long int quot; /* Quotient. */
69 long int rem; /* Remainder. */
70 } ldiv_t;
71# define __ldiv_t_defined 1
72#endif
73
74#if defined __USE_ISOC99 && !defined __lldiv_t_defined
75/* Returned by `lldiv'. */
76__extension__ typedef struct
77 {
78 long long int quot; /* Quotient. */
79 long long int rem; /* Remainder. */
80 } lldiv_t;
81# define __lldiv_t_defined 1
82#endif
83
84
85/* The largest number rand will return (same as INT_MAX). */
86#define RAND_MAX 2147483647
87
88
89/* We define these the same for all machines.
90 Changes from this to the outside world should be done in `_exit'. */
91#define EXIT_FAILURE 1 /* Failing exit status. */
92#define EXIT_SUCCESS 0 /* Successful exit status. */
93
94
95/* Maximum length of a multibyte character in the current locale. */
96#define MB_CUR_MAX (__ctype_get_mb_cur_max ())
97extern size_t __ctype_get_mb_cur_max (void) __THROW __wur;
98
99
100/* Convert a string to a floating-point number. */
101extern double atof (const char *__nptr)
102 __THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
103/* Convert a string to an integer. */
104extern int atoi (const char *__nptr)
105 __THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
106/* Convert a string to a long integer. */
107extern long int atol (const char *__nptr)
108 __THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
109
110#ifdef __USE_ISOC99
111/* Convert a string to a long long integer. */
112__extension__ extern long long int atoll (const char *__nptr)
113 __THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
114#endif
115
116/* Convert a string to a floating-point number. */
117extern double strtod (const char *__restrict __nptr,
118 char **__restrict __endptr)
119 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
120
121#ifdef __USE_ISOC99
122/* Likewise for `float' and `long double' sizes of floating-point numbers. */
123extern float strtof (const char *__restrict __nptr,
124 char **__restrict __endptr) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
125
126extern long double strtold (const char *__restrict __nptr,
127 char **__restrict __endptr)
128 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
129#endif
130
131/* Likewise for '_FloatN' and '_FloatNx'. */
132
133#if __HAVE_FLOAT16 && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
134extern _Float16 strtof16 (const char *__restrict __nptr,
135 char **__restrict __endptr)
136 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
137#endif
138
139#if __HAVE_FLOAT32 && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
140extern _Float32 strtof32 (const char *__restrict __nptr,
141 char **__restrict __endptr)
142 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
143#endif
144
145#if __HAVE_FLOAT64 && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
146extern _Float64 strtof64 (const char *__restrict __nptr,
147 char **__restrict __endptr)
148 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
149#endif
150
151#if __HAVE_FLOAT128 && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
152extern _Float128 strtof128 (const char *__restrict __nptr,
153 char **__restrict __endptr)
154 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
155#endif
156
157#if __HAVE_FLOAT32X && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
158extern _Float32x strtof32x (const char *__restrict __nptr,
159 char **__restrict __endptr)
160 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
161#endif
162
163#if __HAVE_FLOAT64X && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
164extern _Float64x strtof64x (const char *__restrict __nptr,
165 char **__restrict __endptr)
166 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
167#endif
168
169#if __HAVE_FLOAT128X && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
170extern _Float128x strtof128x (const char *__restrict __nptr,
171 char **__restrict __endptr)
172 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
173#endif
174
175/* Convert a string to a long integer. */
176extern long int strtol (const char *__restrict __nptr,
177 char **__restrict __endptr, int __base)
178 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
179/* Convert a string to an unsigned long integer. */
180extern unsigned long int strtoul (const char *__restrict __nptr,
181 char **__restrict __endptr, int __base)
182 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
183
184#ifdef __USE_MISC
185/* Convert a string to a quadword integer. */
186__extension__
187extern long long int strtoq (const char *__restrict __nptr,
188 char **__restrict __endptr, int __base)
189 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
190/* Convert a string to an unsigned quadword integer. */
191__extension__
192extern unsigned long long int strtouq (const char *__restrict __nptr,
193 char **__restrict __endptr, int __base)
194 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
195#endif /* Use misc. */
196
197#ifdef __USE_ISOC99
198/* Convert a string to a quadword integer. */
199__extension__
200extern long long int strtoll (const char *__restrict __nptr,
201 char **__restrict __endptr, int __base)
202 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
203/* Convert a string to an unsigned quadword integer. */
204__extension__
205extern unsigned long long int strtoull (const char *__restrict __nptr,
206 char **__restrict __endptr, int __base)
207 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
208#endif /* ISO C99 or use MISC. */
209
210/* Convert a floating-point number to a string. */
211#if __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_BFP_EXT)
212extern int strfromd (char *__dest, size_t __size, const char *__format,
213 double __f)
214 __THROW __nonnull ((3));
215
216extern int strfromf (char *__dest, size_t __size, const char *__format,
217 float __f)
218 __THROW __nonnull ((3));
219
220extern int strfroml (char *__dest, size_t __size, const char *__format,
221 long double __f)
222 __THROW __nonnull ((3));
223#endif
224
225#if __HAVE_FLOAT16 && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
226extern int strfromf16 (char *__dest, size_t __size, const char * __format,
227 _Float16 __f)
228 __THROW __nonnull ((3));
229#endif
230
231#if __HAVE_FLOAT32 && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
232extern int strfromf32 (char *__dest, size_t __size, const char * __format,
233 _Float32 __f)
234 __THROW __nonnull ((3));
235#endif
236
237#if __HAVE_FLOAT64 && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
238extern int strfromf64 (char *__dest, size_t __size, const char * __format,
239 _Float64 __f)
240 __THROW __nonnull ((3));
241#endif
242
243#if __HAVE_FLOAT128 && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
244extern int strfromf128 (char *__dest, size_t __size, const char * __format,
245 _Float128 __f)
246 __THROW __nonnull ((3));
247#endif
248
249#if __HAVE_FLOAT32X && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
250extern int strfromf32x (char *__dest, size_t __size, const char * __format,
251 _Float32x __f)
252 __THROW __nonnull ((3));
253#endif
254
255#if __HAVE_FLOAT64X && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
256extern int strfromf64x (char *__dest, size_t __size, const char * __format,
257 _Float64x __f)
258 __THROW __nonnull ((3));
259#endif
260
261#if __HAVE_FLOAT128X && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
262extern int strfromf128x (char *__dest, size_t __size, const char * __format,
263 _Float128x __f)
264 __THROW __nonnull ((3));
265#endif
266
267
268#ifdef __USE_GNU
269/* Parallel versions of the functions above which take the locale to
270 use as an additional parameter. These are GNU extensions inspired
271 by the POSIX.1-2008 extended locale API. */
272# include <bits/types/locale_t.h>
273
274extern long int strtol_l (const char *__restrict __nptr,
275 char **__restrict __endptr, int __base,
276 locale_t __loc) __THROW __nonnull ((1, 4));
277
278extern unsigned long int strtoul_l (const char *__restrict __nptr,
279 char **__restrict __endptr,
280 int __base, locale_t __loc)
281 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 4));
282
283__extension__
284extern long long int strtoll_l (const char *__restrict __nptr,
285 char **__restrict __endptr, int __base,
286 locale_t __loc)
287 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 4));
288
289__extension__
290extern unsigned long long int strtoull_l (const char *__restrict __nptr,
291 char **__restrict __endptr,
292 int __base, locale_t __loc)
293 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 4));
294
295extern double strtod_l (const char *__restrict __nptr,
296 char **__restrict __endptr, locale_t __loc)
297 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 3));
298
299extern float strtof_l (const char *__restrict __nptr,
300 char **__restrict __endptr, locale_t __loc)
301 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 3));
302
303extern long double strtold_l (const char *__restrict __nptr,
304 char **__restrict __endptr,
305 locale_t __loc)
306 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 3));
307
308# if __HAVE_FLOAT16
309extern _Float16 strtof16_l (const char *__restrict __nptr,
310 char **__restrict __endptr,
311 locale_t __loc)
312 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 3));
313# endif
314
315# if __HAVE_FLOAT32
316extern _Float32 strtof32_l (const char *__restrict __nptr,
317 char **__restrict __endptr,
318 locale_t __loc)
319 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 3));
320# endif
321
322# if __HAVE_FLOAT64
323extern _Float64 strtof64_l (const char *__restrict __nptr,
324 char **__restrict __endptr,
325 locale_t __loc)
326 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 3));
327# endif
328
329# if __HAVE_FLOAT128
330extern _Float128 strtof128_l (const char *__restrict __nptr,
331 char **__restrict __endptr,
332 locale_t __loc)
333 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 3));
334# endif
335
336# if __HAVE_FLOAT32X
337extern _Float32x strtof32x_l (const char *__restrict __nptr,
338 char **__restrict __endptr,
339 locale_t __loc)
340 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 3));
341# endif
342
343# if __HAVE_FLOAT64X
344extern _Float64x strtof64x_l (const char *__restrict __nptr,
345 char **__restrict __endptr,
346 locale_t __loc)
347 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 3));
348# endif
349
350# if __HAVE_FLOAT128X
351extern _Float128x strtof128x_l (const char *__restrict __nptr,
352 char **__restrict __endptr,
353 locale_t __loc)
354 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 3));
355# endif
356#endif /* GNU */
357
358
359#ifdef __USE_EXTERN_INLINES
360__extern_inline int
361__NTH (atoi (const char *__nptr))
362{
363 return (int) strtol (__nptr, (char **) NULL, 10);
364}
365__extern_inline long int
366__NTH (atol (const char *__nptr))
367{
368 return strtol (__nptr, (char **) NULL, 10);
369}
370
371# ifdef __USE_ISOC99
372__extension__ __extern_inline long long int
373__NTH (atoll (const char *__nptr))
374{
375 return strtoll (__nptr, (char **) NULL, 10);
376}
377# endif
378#endif /* Optimizing and Inlining. */
379
380
381#if defined __USE_MISC || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
382/* Convert N to base 64 using the digits "./0-9A-Za-z", least-significant
383 digit first. Returns a pointer to static storage overwritten by the
384 next call. */
385extern char *l64a (long int __n) __THROW __wur;
386
387/* Read a number from a string S in base 64 as above. */
388extern long int a64l (const char *__s)
389 __THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
390
391#endif /* Use misc || extended X/Open. */
392
393#if defined __USE_MISC || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
394# include <sys/types.h> /* we need int32_t... */
395
396/* These are the functions that actually do things. The `random', `srandom',
397 `initstate' and `setstate' functions are those from BSD Unices.
398 The `rand' and `srand' functions are required by the ANSI standard.
399 We provide both interfaces to the same random number generator. */
400/* Return a random long integer between 0 and RAND_MAX inclusive. */
401extern long int random (void) __THROW;
402
403/* Seed the random number generator with the given number. */
404extern void srandom (unsigned int __seed) __THROW;
405
406/* Initialize the random number generator to use state buffer STATEBUF,
407 of length STATELEN, and seed it with SEED. Optimal lengths are 8, 16,
408 32, 64, 128 and 256, the bigger the better; values less than 8 will
409 cause an error and values greater than 256 will be rounded down. */
410extern char *initstate (unsigned int __seed, char *__statebuf,
411 size_t __statelen) __THROW __nonnull ((2));
412
413/* Switch the random number generator to state buffer STATEBUF,
414 which should have been previously initialized by `initstate'. */
415extern char *setstate (char *__statebuf) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
416
417
418# ifdef __USE_MISC
419/* Reentrant versions of the `random' family of functions.
420 These functions all use the following data structure to contain
421 state, rather than global state variables. */
422
423struct random_data
424 {
425 int32_t *fptr; /* Front pointer. */
426 int32_t *rptr; /* Rear pointer. */
427 int32_t *state; /* Array of state values. */
428 int rand_type; /* Type of random number generator. */
429 int rand_deg; /* Degree of random number generator. */
430 int rand_sep; /* Distance between front and rear. */
431 int32_t *end_ptr; /* Pointer behind state table. */
432 };
433
434extern int random_r (struct random_data *__restrict __buf,
435 int32_t *__restrict __result) __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
436
437extern int srandom_r (unsigned int __seed, struct random_data *__buf)
438 __THROW __nonnull ((2));
439
440extern int initstate_r (unsigned int __seed, char *__restrict __statebuf,
441 size_t __statelen,
442 struct random_data *__restrict __buf)
443 __THROW __nonnull ((2, 4));
444
445extern int setstate_r (char *__restrict __statebuf,
446 struct random_data *__restrict __buf)
447 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
448# endif /* Use misc. */
449#endif /* Use extended X/Open || misc. */
450
451
452/* Return a random integer between 0 and RAND_MAX inclusive. */
453extern int rand (void) __THROW;
454/* Seed the random number generator with the given number. */
455extern void srand (unsigned int __seed) __THROW;
456
457#ifdef __USE_POSIX199506
458/* Reentrant interface according to POSIX.1. */
459extern int rand_r (unsigned int *__seed) __THROW;
460#endif
461
462
463#if defined __USE_MISC || defined __USE_XOPEN
464/* System V style 48-bit random number generator functions. */
465
466/* Return non-negative, double-precision floating-point value in [0.0,1.0). */
467extern double drand48 (void) __THROW;
468extern double erand48 (unsigned short int __xsubi[3]) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
469
470/* Return non-negative, long integer in [0,2^31). */
471extern long int lrand48 (void) __THROW;
472extern long int nrand48 (unsigned short int __xsubi[3])
473 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
474
475/* Return signed, long integers in [-2^31,2^31). */
476extern long int mrand48 (void) __THROW;
477extern long int jrand48 (unsigned short int __xsubi[3])
478 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
479
480/* Seed random number generator. */
481extern void srand48 (long int __seedval) __THROW;
482extern unsigned short int *seed48 (unsigned short int __seed16v[3])
483 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
484extern void lcong48 (unsigned short int __param[7]) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
485
486# ifdef __USE_MISC
487/* Data structure for communication with thread safe versions. This
488 type is to be regarded as opaque. It's only exported because users
489 have to allocate objects of this type. */
490struct drand48_data
491 {
492 unsigned short int __x[3]; /* Current state. */
493 unsigned short int __old_x[3]; /* Old state. */
494 unsigned short int __c; /* Additive const. in congruential formula. */
495 unsigned short int __init; /* Flag for initializing. */
496 __extension__ unsigned long long int __a; /* Factor in congruential
497 formula. */
498 };
499
500/* Return non-negative, double-precision floating-point value in [0.0,1.0). */
501extern int drand48_r (struct drand48_data *__restrict __buffer,
502 double *__restrict __result) __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
503extern int erand48_r (unsigned short int __xsubi[3],
504 struct drand48_data *__restrict __buffer,
505 double *__restrict __result) __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
506
507/* Return non-negative, long integer in [0,2^31). */
508extern int lrand48_r (struct drand48_data *__restrict __buffer,
509 long int *__restrict __result)
510 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
511extern int nrand48_r (unsigned short int __xsubi[3],
512 struct drand48_data *__restrict __buffer,
513 long int *__restrict __result)
514 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
515
516/* Return signed, long integers in [-2^31,2^31). */
517extern int mrand48_r (struct drand48_data *__restrict __buffer,
518 long int *__restrict __result)
519 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
520extern int jrand48_r (unsigned short int __xsubi[3],
521 struct drand48_data *__restrict __buffer,
522 long int *__restrict __result)
523 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
524
525/* Seed random number generator. */
526extern int srand48_r (long int __seedval, struct drand48_data *__buffer)
527 __THROW __nonnull ((2));
528
529extern int seed48_r (unsigned short int __seed16v[3],
530 struct drand48_data *__buffer) __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
531
532extern int lcong48_r (unsigned short int __param[7],
533 struct drand48_data *__buffer)
534 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
535# endif /* Use misc. */
536#endif /* Use misc or X/Open. */
537
538/* Allocate SIZE bytes of memory. */
539extern void *malloc (size_t __size) __THROW __attribute_malloc__ __wur;
540/* Allocate NMEMB elements of SIZE bytes each, all initialized to 0. */
541extern void *calloc (size_t __nmemb, size_t __size)
542 __THROW __attribute_malloc__ __wur;
543
544/* Re-allocate the previously allocated block
545 in PTR, making the new block SIZE bytes long. */
546/* __attribute_malloc__ is not used, because if realloc returns
547 the same pointer that was passed to it, aliasing needs to be allowed
548 between objects pointed by the old and new pointers. */
549extern void *realloc (void *__ptr, size_t __size)
550 __THROW __attribute_warn_unused_result__;
551
552#ifdef __USE_MISC
553/* Re-allocate the previously allocated block in PTR, making the new
554 block large enough for NMEMB elements of SIZE bytes each. */
555/* __attribute_malloc__ is not used, because if reallocarray returns
556 the same pointer that was passed to it, aliasing needs to be allowed
557 between objects pointed by the old and new pointers. */
558extern void *reallocarray (void *__ptr, size_t __nmemb, size_t __size)
559 __THROW __attribute_warn_unused_result__;
560#endif
561
562/* Free a block allocated by `malloc', `realloc' or `calloc'. */
563extern void free (void *__ptr) __THROW;
564
565#ifdef __USE_MISC
566# include <alloca.h>
567#endif /* Use misc. */
568
569#if (defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED && !defined __USE_XOPEN2K) \
570 || defined __USE_MISC
571/* Allocate SIZE bytes on a page boundary. The storage cannot be freed. */
572extern void *valloc (size_t __size) __THROW __attribute_malloc__ __wur;
573#endif
574
575#ifdef __USE_XOPEN2K
576/* Allocate memory of SIZE bytes with an alignment of ALIGNMENT. */
577extern int posix_memalign (void **__memptr, size_t __alignment, size_t __size)
578 __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
579#endif
580
581#ifdef __USE_ISOC11
582/* ISO C variant of aligned allocation. */
583extern void *aligned_alloc (size_t __alignment, size_t __size)
584 __THROW __attribute_malloc__ __attribute_alloc_size__ ((2)) __wur;
585#endif
586
587/* Abort execution and generate a core-dump. */
588extern void abort (void) __THROW __attribute__ ((__noreturn__));
589
590
591/* Register a function to be called when `exit' is called. */
592extern int atexit (void (*__func) (void)) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
593
594#if defined __USE_ISOC11 || defined __USE_ISOCXX11
595/* Register a function to be called when `quick_exit' is called. */
596# ifdef __cplusplus
597extern "C++" int at_quick_exit (void (*__func) (void))
598 __THROW __asm ("at_quick_exit") __nonnull ((1));
599# else
600extern int at_quick_exit (void (*__func) (void)) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
601# endif
602#endif
603
604#ifdef __USE_MISC
605/* Register a function to be called with the status
606 given to `exit' and the given argument. */
607extern int on_exit (void (*__func) (int __status, void *__arg), void *__arg)
608 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
609#endif
610
611/* Call all functions registered with `atexit' and `on_exit',
612 in the reverse of the order in which they were registered,
613 perform stdio cleanup, and terminate program execution with STATUS. */
614extern void exit (int __status) __THROW __attribute__ ((__noreturn__));
615
616#if defined __USE_ISOC11 || defined __USE_ISOCXX11
617/* Call all functions registered with `at_quick_exit' in the reverse
618 of the order in which they were registered and terminate program
619 execution with STATUS. */
620extern void quick_exit (int __status) __THROW __attribute__ ((__noreturn__));
621#endif
622
623#ifdef __USE_ISOC99
624/* Terminate the program with STATUS without calling any of the
625 functions registered with `atexit' or `on_exit'. */
626extern void _Exit (int __status) __THROW __attribute__ ((__noreturn__));
627#endif
628
629
630/* Return the value of envariable NAME, or NULL if it doesn't exist. */
631extern char *getenv (const char *__name) __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
632
633#ifdef __USE_GNU
634/* This function is similar to the above but returns NULL if the
635 programs is running with SUID or SGID enabled. */
636extern char *secure_getenv (const char *__name)
637 __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
638#endif
639
640#if defined __USE_MISC || defined __USE_XOPEN
641/* The SVID says this is in <stdio.h>, but this seems a better place. */
642/* Put STRING, which is of the form "NAME=VALUE", in the environment.
643 If there is no `=', remove NAME from the environment. */
644extern int putenv (char *__string) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
645#endif
646
647#ifdef __USE_XOPEN2K
648/* Set NAME to VALUE in the environment.
649 If REPLACE is nonzero, overwrite an existing value. */
650extern int setenv (const char *__name, const char *__value, int __replace)
651 __THROW __nonnull ((2));
652
653/* Remove the variable NAME from the environment. */
654extern int unsetenv (const char *__name) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
655#endif
656
657#ifdef __USE_MISC
658/* The `clearenv' was planned to be added to POSIX.1 but probably
659 never made it. Nevertheless the POSIX.9 standard (POSIX bindings
660 for Fortran 77) requires this function. */
661extern int clearenv (void) __THROW;
662#endif
663
664
665#if defined __USE_MISC \
666 || (defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED && !defined __USE_XOPEN2K8)
667/* Generate a unique temporary file name from TEMPLATE.
668 The last six characters of TEMPLATE must be "XXXXXX";
669 they are replaced with a string that makes the file name unique.
670 Always returns TEMPLATE, it's either a temporary file name or a null
671 string if it cannot get a unique file name. */
672extern char *mktemp (char *__template) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
673#endif
674
675#if defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED || defined __USE_XOPEN2K8
676/* Generate a unique temporary file name from TEMPLATE.
677 The last six characters of TEMPLATE must be "XXXXXX";
678 they are replaced with a string that makes the filename unique.
679 Returns a file descriptor open on the file for reading and writing,
680 or -1 if it cannot create a uniquely-named file.
681
682 This function is a possible cancellation point and therefore not
683 marked with __THROW. */
684# ifndef __USE_FILE_OFFSET64
685extern int mkstemp (char *__template) __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
686# else
687# ifdef __REDIRECT
688extern int __REDIRECT (mkstemp, (char *__template), mkstemp64)
689 __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
690# else
691# define mkstemp mkstemp64
692# endif
693# endif
694# ifdef __USE_LARGEFILE64
695extern int mkstemp64 (char *__template) __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
696# endif
697#endif
698
699#ifdef __USE_MISC
700/* Similar to mkstemp, but the template can have a suffix after the
701 XXXXXX. The length of the suffix is specified in the second
702 parameter.
703
704 This function is a possible cancellation point and therefore not
705 marked with __THROW. */
706# ifndef __USE_FILE_OFFSET64
707extern int mkstemps (char *__template, int __suffixlen) __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
708# else
709# ifdef __REDIRECT
710extern int __REDIRECT (mkstemps, (char *__template, int __suffixlen),
711 mkstemps64) __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
712# else
713# define mkstemps mkstemps64
714# endif
715# endif
716# ifdef __USE_LARGEFILE64
717extern int mkstemps64 (char *__template, int __suffixlen)
718 __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
719# endif
720#endif
721
722#ifdef __USE_XOPEN2K8
723/* Create a unique temporary directory from TEMPLATE.
724 The last six characters of TEMPLATE must be "XXXXXX";
725 they are replaced with a string that makes the directory name unique.
726 Returns TEMPLATE, or a null pointer if it cannot get a unique name.
727 The directory is created mode 700. */
728extern char *mkdtemp (char *__template) __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
729#endif
730
731#ifdef __USE_GNU
732/* Generate a unique temporary file name from TEMPLATE similar to
733 mkstemp. But allow the caller to pass additional flags which are
734 used in the open call to create the file..
735
736 This function is a possible cancellation point and therefore not
737 marked with __THROW. */
738# ifndef __USE_FILE_OFFSET64
739extern int mkostemp (char *__template, int __flags) __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
740# else
741# ifdef __REDIRECT
742extern int __REDIRECT (mkostemp, (char *__template, int __flags), mkostemp64)
743 __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
744# else
745# define mkostemp mkostemp64
746# endif
747# endif
748# ifdef __USE_LARGEFILE64
749extern int mkostemp64 (char *__template, int __flags) __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
750# endif
751
752/* Similar to mkostemp, but the template can have a suffix after the
753 XXXXXX. The length of the suffix is specified in the second
754 parameter.
755
756 This function is a possible cancellation point and therefore not
757 marked with __THROW. */
758# ifndef __USE_FILE_OFFSET64
759extern int mkostemps (char *__template, int __suffixlen, int __flags)
760 __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
761# else
762# ifdef __REDIRECT
763extern int __REDIRECT (mkostemps, (char *__template, int __suffixlen,
764 int __flags), mkostemps64)
765 __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
766# else
767# define mkostemps mkostemps64
768# endif
769# endif
770# ifdef __USE_LARGEFILE64
771extern int mkostemps64 (char *__template, int __suffixlen, int __flags)
772 __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
773# endif
774#endif
775
776
777/* Execute the given line as a shell command.
778
779 This function is a cancellation point and therefore not marked with
780 __THROW. */
781extern int system (const char *__command) __wur;
782
783
784#ifdef __USE_GNU
785/* Return a malloc'd string containing the canonical absolute name of the
786 existing named file. */
787extern char *canonicalize_file_name (const char *__name)
788 __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
789#endif
790
791#if defined __USE_MISC || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
792/* Return the canonical absolute name of file NAME. If RESOLVED is
793 null, the result is malloc'd; otherwise, if the canonical name is
794 PATH_MAX chars or more, returns null with `errno' set to
795 ENAMETOOLONG; if the name fits in fewer than PATH_MAX chars,
796 returns the name in RESOLVED. */
797extern char *realpath (const char *__restrict __name,
798 char *__restrict __resolved) __THROW __wur;
799#endif
800
801
802/* Shorthand for type of comparison functions. */
803#ifndef __COMPAR_FN_T
804# define __COMPAR_FN_T
805typedef int (*__compar_fn_t) (const void *, const void *);
806
807# ifdef __USE_GNU
808typedef __compar_fn_t comparison_fn_t;
809# endif
810#endif
811#ifdef __USE_GNU
812typedef int (*__compar_d_fn_t) (const void *, const void *, void *);
813#endif
814
815/* Do a binary search for KEY in BASE, which consists of NMEMB elements
816 of SIZE bytes each, using COMPAR to perform the comparisons. */
817extern void *bsearch (const void *__key, const void *__base,
818 size_t __nmemb, size_t __size, __compar_fn_t __compar)
819 __nonnull ((1, 2, 5)) __wur;
820
821#ifdef __USE_EXTERN_INLINES
822# include <bits/stdlib-bsearch.h>
823#endif
824
825/* Sort NMEMB elements of BASE, of SIZE bytes each,
826 using COMPAR to perform the comparisons. */
827extern void qsort (void *__base, size_t __nmemb, size_t __size,
828 __compar_fn_t __compar) __nonnull ((1, 4));
829#ifdef __USE_GNU
830extern void qsort_r (void *__base, size_t __nmemb, size_t __size,
831 __compar_d_fn_t __compar, void *__arg)
832 __nonnull ((1, 4));
833#endif
834
835
836/* Return the absolute value of X. */
837extern int abs (int __x) __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__)) __wur;
838extern long int labs (long int __x) __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__)) __wur;
839
840#ifdef __USE_ISOC99
841__extension__ extern long long int llabs (long long int __x)
842 __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__)) __wur;
843#endif
844
845
846/* Return the `div_t', `ldiv_t' or `lldiv_t' representation
847 of the value of NUMER over DENOM. */
848/* GCC may have built-ins for these someday. */
849extern div_t div (int __numer, int __denom)
850 __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__)) __wur;
851extern ldiv_t ldiv (long int __numer, long int __denom)
852 __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__)) __wur;
853
854#ifdef __USE_ISOC99
855__extension__ extern lldiv_t lldiv (long long int __numer,
856 long long int __denom)
857 __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__)) __wur;
858#endif
859
860
861#if (defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED && !defined __USE_XOPEN2K8) \
862 || defined __USE_MISC
863/* Convert floating point numbers to strings. The returned values are
864 valid only until another call to the same function. */
865
866/* Convert VALUE to a string with NDIGIT digits and return a pointer to
867 this. Set *DECPT with the position of the decimal character and *SIGN
868 with the sign of the number. */
869extern char *ecvt (double __value, int __ndigit, int *__restrict __decpt,
870 int *__restrict __sign) __THROW __nonnull ((3, 4)) __wur;
871
872/* Convert VALUE to a string rounded to NDIGIT decimal digits. Set *DECPT
873 with the position of the decimal character and *SIGN with the sign of
874 the number. */
875extern char *fcvt (double __value, int __ndigit, int *__restrict __decpt,
876 int *__restrict __sign) __THROW __nonnull ((3, 4)) __wur;
877
878/* If possible convert VALUE to a string with NDIGIT significant digits.
879 Otherwise use exponential representation. The resulting string will
880 be written to BUF. */
881extern char *gcvt (double __value, int __ndigit, char *__buf)
882 __THROW __nonnull ((3)) __wur;
883#endif
884
885#ifdef __USE_MISC
886/* Long double versions of above functions. */
887extern char *qecvt (long double __value, int __ndigit,
888 int *__restrict __decpt, int *__restrict __sign)
889 __THROW __nonnull ((3, 4)) __wur;
890extern char *qfcvt (long double __value, int __ndigit,
891 int *__restrict __decpt, int *__restrict __sign)
892 __THROW __nonnull ((3, 4)) __wur;
893extern char *qgcvt (long double __value, int __ndigit, char *__buf)
894 __THROW __nonnull ((3)) __wur;
895
896
897/* Reentrant version of the functions above which provide their own
898 buffers. */
899extern int ecvt_r (double __value, int __ndigit, int *__restrict __decpt,
900 int *__restrict __sign, char *__restrict __buf,
901 size_t __len) __THROW __nonnull ((3, 4, 5));
902extern int fcvt_r (double __value, int __ndigit, int *__restrict __decpt,
903 int *__restrict __sign, char *__restrict __buf,
904 size_t __len) __THROW __nonnull ((3, 4, 5));
905
906extern int qecvt_r (long double __value, int __ndigit,
907 int *__restrict __decpt, int *__restrict __sign,
908 char *__restrict __buf, size_t __len)
909 __THROW __nonnull ((3, 4, 5));
910extern int qfcvt_r (long double __value, int __ndigit,
911 int *__restrict __decpt, int *__restrict __sign,
912 char *__restrict __buf, size_t __len)
913 __THROW __nonnull ((3, 4, 5));
914#endif /* misc */
915
916
917/* Return the length of the multibyte character
918 in S, which is no longer than N. */
919extern int mblen (const char *__s, size_t __n) __THROW;
920/* Return the length of the given multibyte character,
921 putting its `wchar_t' representation in *PWC. */
922extern int mbtowc (wchar_t *__restrict __pwc,
923 const char *__restrict __s, size_t __n) __THROW;
924/* Put the multibyte character represented
925 by WCHAR in S, returning its length. */
926extern int wctomb (char *__s, wchar_t __wchar) __THROW;
927
928
929/* Convert a multibyte string to a wide char string. */
930extern size_t mbstowcs (wchar_t *__restrict __pwcs,
931 const char *__restrict __s, size_t __n) __THROW;
932/* Convert a wide char string to multibyte string. */
933extern size_t wcstombs (char *__restrict __s,
934 const wchar_t *__restrict __pwcs, size_t __n)
935 __THROW;
936
937
938#ifdef __USE_MISC
939/* Determine whether the string value of RESPONSE matches the affirmation
940 or negative response expression as specified by the LC_MESSAGES category
941 in the program's current locale. Returns 1 if affirmative, 0 if
942 negative, and -1 if not matching. */
943extern int rpmatch (const char *__response) __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
944#endif
945
946
947#if defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED || defined __USE_XOPEN2K8
948/* Parse comma separated suboption from *OPTIONP and match against
949 strings in TOKENS. If found return index and set *VALUEP to
950 optional value introduced by an equal sign. If the suboption is
951 not part of TOKENS return in *VALUEP beginning of unknown
952 suboption. On exit *OPTIONP is set to the beginning of the next
953 token or at the terminating NUL character. */
954extern int getsubopt (char **__restrict __optionp,
955 char *const *__restrict __tokens,
956 char **__restrict __valuep)
957 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2, 3)) __wur;
958#endif
959
960
961/* X/Open pseudo terminal handling. */
962
963#ifdef __USE_XOPEN2KXSI
964/* Return a master pseudo-terminal handle. */
965extern int posix_openpt (int __oflag) __wur;
966#endif
967
968#ifdef __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
969/* The next four functions all take a master pseudo-tty fd and
970 perform an operation on the associated slave: */
971
972/* Chown the slave to the calling user. */
973extern int grantpt (int __fd) __THROW;
974
975/* Release an internal lock so the slave can be opened.
976 Call after grantpt(). */
977extern int unlockpt (int __fd) __THROW;
978
979/* Return the pathname of the pseudo terminal slave associated with
980 the master FD is open on, or NULL on errors.
981 The returned storage is good until the next call to this function. */
982extern char *ptsname (int __fd) __THROW __wur;
983#endif
984
985#ifdef __USE_GNU
986/* Store at most BUFLEN characters of the pathname of the slave pseudo
987 terminal associated with the master FD is open on in BUF.
988 Return 0 on success, otherwise an error number. */
989extern int ptsname_r (int __fd, char *__buf, size_t __buflen)
990 __THROW __nonnull ((2));
991
992/* Open a master pseudo terminal and return its file descriptor. */
993extern int getpt (void);
994#endif
995
996#ifdef __USE_MISC
997/* Put the 1 minute, 5 minute and 15 minute load averages into the first
998 NELEM elements of LOADAVG. Return the number written (never more than
999 three, but may be less than NELEM), or -1 if an error occurred. */
1000extern int getloadavg (double __loadavg[], int __nelem)
1001 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
1002#endif
1003
1004#if defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED && !defined __USE_XOPEN2K
1005/* Return the index into the active-logins file (utmp) for
1006 the controlling terminal. */
1007extern int ttyslot (void) __THROW;
1008#endif
1009
1010#include <bits/stdlib-float.h>
1011
1012/* Define some macros helping to catch buffer overflows. */
1013#if __USE_FORTIFY_LEVEL > 0 && defined __fortify_function
1014# include <bits/stdlib.h>
1015#endif
1016#ifdef __LDBL_COMPAT
1017# include <bits/stdlib-ldbl.h>
1018#endif
1019
1020__END_DECLS
1021
1022#endif /* stdlib.h */
1023