| 1 | // <numeric> -*- C++ -*- | 
| 2 |  | 
| 3 | // Copyright (C) 2001-2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc. | 
| 4 | // | 
| 5 | // This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library.  This library is free | 
| 6 | // software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the | 
| 7 | // terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the | 
| 8 | // Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) | 
| 9 | // any later version. | 
| 10 |  | 
| 11 | // This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, | 
| 12 | // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of | 
| 13 | // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the | 
| 14 | // GNU General Public License for more details. | 
| 15 |  | 
| 16 | // Under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted additional | 
| 17 | // permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception, version | 
| 18 | // 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation. | 
| 19 |  | 
| 20 | // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and | 
| 21 | // a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program; | 
| 22 | // see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively.  If not, see | 
| 23 | // <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. | 
| 24 |  | 
| 25 | /* | 
| 26 |  * | 
| 27 |  * Copyright (c) 1994 | 
| 28 |  * Hewlett-Packard Company | 
| 29 |  * | 
| 30 |  * Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute and sell this software | 
| 31 |  * and its documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee, | 
| 32 |  * provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and | 
| 33 |  * that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear | 
| 34 |  * in supporting documentation.  Hewlett-Packard Company makes no | 
| 35 |  * representations about the suitability of this software for any | 
| 36 |  * purpose.  It is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty. | 
| 37 |  * | 
| 38 |  * | 
| 39 |  * Copyright (c) 1996,1997 | 
| 40 |  * Silicon Graphics Computer Systems, Inc. | 
| 41 |  * | 
| 42 |  * Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute and sell this software | 
| 43 |  * and its documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee, | 
| 44 |  * provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and | 
| 45 |  * that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear | 
| 46 |  * in supporting documentation.  Silicon Graphics makes no | 
| 47 |  * representations about the suitability of this software for any | 
| 48 |  * purpose.  It is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty. | 
| 49 |  */ | 
| 50 |  | 
| 51 | /** @file include/numeric | 
| 52 |  *  This is a Standard C++ Library header. | 
| 53 |  */ | 
| 54 |  | 
| 55 | #ifndef _GLIBCXX_NUMERIC | 
| 56 | #define _GLIBCXX_NUMERIC 1 | 
| 57 |  | 
| 58 | #pragma GCC system_header | 
| 59 |  | 
| 60 | #include <bits/c++config.h> | 
| 61 | #include <bits/stl_iterator_base_types.h> | 
| 62 | #include <bits/stl_numeric.h> | 
| 63 |  | 
| 64 | #ifdef _GLIBCXX_PARALLEL | 
| 65 | # include <parallel/numeric> | 
| 66 | #endif | 
| 67 |  | 
| 68 | #if __cplusplus >= 201402L | 
| 69 | # include <type_traits> | 
| 70 | # include <bit> | 
| 71 | #endif | 
| 72 |  | 
| 73 | #if __cplusplus >= 201703L | 
| 74 | # include <bits/stl_function.h> | 
| 75 | #endif | 
| 76 |  | 
| 77 | #if __cplusplus > 201703L | 
| 78 | # include <limits> | 
| 79 | #endif | 
| 80 |  | 
| 81 | /** | 
| 82 |  * @defgroup numerics Numerics | 
| 83 |  * | 
| 84 |  * Components for performing numeric operations. Includes support for | 
| 85 |  * complex number types, random number generation, numeric (n-at-a-time) | 
| 86 |  * arrays, generalized numeric algorithms, and mathematical special functions. | 
| 87 |  */ | 
| 88 |  | 
| 89 | namespace std _GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default) | 
| 90 | { | 
| 91 | _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION | 
| 92 |  | 
| 93 | #if __cplusplus >= 201402L | 
| 94 | namespace __detail | 
| 95 | { | 
| 96 |   // std::abs is not constexpr, doesn't support unsigned integers, | 
| 97 |   // and std::abs(std::numeric_limits<T>::min()) is undefined. | 
| 98 |   template<typename _Up, typename _Tp> | 
| 99 |     constexpr _Up | 
| 100 |     __absu(_Tp __val) | 
| 101 |     { | 
| 102 |       static_assert(is_unsigned<_Up>::value, "result type must be unsigned" ); | 
| 103 |       static_assert(sizeof(_Up) >= sizeof(_Tp), | 
| 104 | 	  "result type must be at least as wide as the input type" ); | 
| 105 |       return __val < 0 ? -(_Up)__val : (_Up)__val; | 
| 106 |     } | 
| 107 |  | 
| 108 |   template<typename _Up> void __absu(bool) = delete; | 
| 109 |  | 
| 110 |   // GCD implementation, using Stein's algorithm | 
| 111 |   template<typename _Tp> | 
| 112 |     constexpr _Tp | 
| 113 |     __gcd(_Tp __m, _Tp __n) | 
| 114 |     { | 
| 115 |       static_assert(is_unsigned<_Tp>::value, "type must be unsigned" ); | 
| 116 |  | 
| 117 |       if (__m == 0) | 
| 118 | 	return __n; | 
| 119 |       if (__n == 0) | 
| 120 | 	return __m; | 
| 121 |  | 
| 122 |       const int __i = std::__countr_zero(__m); | 
| 123 |       __m >>= __i; | 
| 124 |       const int __j = std::__countr_zero(__n); | 
| 125 |       __n >>= __j; | 
| 126 |       const int __k = __i < __j ? __i : __j; // min(i, j) | 
| 127 |  | 
| 128 |       while (true) | 
| 129 | 	{ | 
| 130 | 	  if (__m > __n) | 
| 131 | 	    { | 
| 132 | 	      _Tp __tmp = __m; | 
| 133 | 	      __m = __n; | 
| 134 | 	      __n = __tmp; | 
| 135 | 	    } | 
| 136 |  | 
| 137 | 	  __n -= __m; | 
| 138 |  | 
| 139 | 	  if (__n == 0) | 
| 140 | 	    return __m << __k; | 
| 141 |  | 
| 142 | 	  __n >>= std::__countr_zero(__n); | 
| 143 | 	} | 
| 144 |     } | 
| 145 |  | 
| 146 |   // LCM implementation | 
| 147 |   template<typename _Tp> | 
| 148 |     constexpr _Tp | 
| 149 |     __lcm(_Tp __m, _Tp __n) | 
| 150 |     { | 
| 151 |       return (__m != 0 && __n != 0) | 
| 152 | 	? (__m / __detail::__gcd(__m, __n)) * __n | 
| 153 | 	: 0; | 
| 154 |     } | 
| 155 | } // namespace __detail | 
| 156 |  | 
| 157 | #if __cplusplus >= 201703L | 
| 158 |  | 
| 159 | #define __cpp_lib_gcd_lcm 201606 | 
| 160 | // These were used in drafts of SD-6: | 
| 161 | #define __cpp_lib_gcd 201606 | 
| 162 | #define __cpp_lib_lcm 201606 | 
| 163 |  | 
| 164 |   /// Greatest common divisor | 
| 165 |   template<typename _Mn, typename _Nn> | 
| 166 |     constexpr common_type_t<_Mn, _Nn> | 
| 167 |     gcd(_Mn __m, _Nn __n) noexcept | 
| 168 |     { | 
| 169 |       static_assert(is_integral_v<_Mn>, "std::gcd arguments must be integers" ); | 
| 170 |       static_assert(is_integral_v<_Nn>, "std::gcd arguments must be integers" ); | 
| 171 |       static_assert(_Mn(2) != _Mn(1), "std::gcd arguments must not be bool" ); | 
| 172 |       static_assert(_Nn(2) != _Nn(1), "std::gcd arguments must not be bool" ); | 
| 173 |       using _Up = make_unsigned_t<common_type_t<_Mn, _Nn>>; | 
| 174 |       return __detail::__gcd(__detail::__absu<_Up>(__m), | 
| 175 | 			     __detail::__absu<_Up>(__n)); | 
| 176 |     } | 
| 177 |  | 
| 178 |   /// Least common multiple | 
| 179 |   template<typename _Mn, typename _Nn> | 
| 180 |     constexpr common_type_t<_Mn, _Nn> | 
| 181 |     lcm(_Mn __m, _Nn __n) noexcept | 
| 182 |     { | 
| 183 |       static_assert(is_integral_v<_Mn>, "std::lcm arguments must be integers" ); | 
| 184 |       static_assert(is_integral_v<_Nn>, "std::lcm arguments must be integers" ); | 
| 185 |       static_assert(_Mn(2) == 2, "std::lcm arguments must not be bool" ); | 
| 186 |       static_assert(_Nn(2) == 2, "std::lcm arguments must not be bool" ); | 
| 187 |       using _Up = make_unsigned_t<common_type_t<_Mn, _Nn>>; | 
| 188 |       return __detail::__lcm(__detail::__absu<_Up>(__m), | 
| 189 | 			     __detail::__absu<_Up>(__n)); | 
| 190 |     } | 
| 191 |  | 
| 192 | #endif // C++17 | 
| 193 | #endif // C++14 | 
| 194 |  | 
| 195 | #if __cplusplus > 201703L | 
| 196 |  | 
| 197 |   // midpoint | 
| 198 | # define __cpp_lib_interpolate 201902L | 
| 199 |  | 
| 200 |   template<typename _Tp> | 
| 201 |     constexpr | 
| 202 |     enable_if_t<__and_v<is_arithmetic<_Tp>, is_same<remove_cv_t<_Tp>, _Tp>, | 
| 203 | 			__not_<is_same<_Tp, bool>>>, | 
| 204 | 		_Tp> | 
| 205 |     midpoint(_Tp __a, _Tp __b) noexcept | 
| 206 |     { | 
| 207 |       if constexpr (is_integral_v<_Tp>) | 
| 208 | 	{ | 
| 209 | 	  using _Up = make_unsigned_t<_Tp>; | 
| 210 |  | 
| 211 | 	  int __k = 1; | 
| 212 | 	  _Up __m = __a; | 
| 213 | 	  _Up __M = __b; | 
| 214 | 	  if (__a > __b) | 
| 215 | 	    { | 
| 216 | 	      __k = -1; | 
| 217 | 	      __m = __b; | 
| 218 | 	      __M = __a; | 
| 219 | 	    } | 
| 220 | 	  return __a + __k * _Tp(_Up(__M - __m) / 2); | 
| 221 | 	} | 
| 222 |       else // is_floating | 
| 223 | 	{ | 
| 224 | 	  constexpr _Tp __lo = numeric_limits<_Tp>::min() * 2; | 
| 225 | 	  constexpr _Tp __hi = numeric_limits<_Tp>::max() / 2; | 
| 226 | 	  const _Tp __abs_a = __a < 0 ? -__a : __a; | 
| 227 | 	  const _Tp __abs_b = __b < 0 ? -__b : __b; | 
| 228 | 	  if (__abs_a <= __hi && __abs_b <= __hi) [[likely]] | 
| 229 | 	    return (__a + __b) / 2; // always correctly rounded | 
| 230 | 	  if (__abs_a < __lo) // not safe to halve __a | 
| 231 | 	    return __a + __b/2; | 
| 232 | 	  if (__abs_b < __lo) // not safe to halve __b | 
| 233 | 	    return __a/2 + __b; | 
| 234 | 	  return __a/2 + __b/2;	    // otherwise correctly rounded | 
| 235 | 	} | 
| 236 |     } | 
| 237 |  | 
| 238 |   template<typename _Tp> | 
| 239 |     constexpr enable_if_t<is_object_v<_Tp>, _Tp*> | 
| 240 |     midpoint(_Tp* __a, _Tp* __b) noexcept | 
| 241 |     { | 
| 242 |       static_assert( sizeof(_Tp) != 0, "type must be complete"  ); | 
| 243 |       return __a  + (__b - __a) / 2; | 
| 244 |     } | 
| 245 | #endif // C++20 | 
| 246 |  | 
| 247 | #if __cplusplus >= 201703L | 
| 248 |  | 
| 249 | #if __cplusplus > 201703L | 
| 250 | #define __cpp_lib_constexpr_numeric 201911L | 
| 251 | #endif | 
| 252 |  | 
| 253 |   /// @addtogroup numeric_ops | 
| 254 |   /// @{ | 
| 255 |  | 
| 256 |   /** | 
| 257 |    *  @brief  Calculate reduction of values in a range. | 
| 258 |    * | 
| 259 |    *  @param  __first  Start of range. | 
| 260 |    *  @param  __last  End of range. | 
| 261 |    *  @param  __init  Starting value to add other values to. | 
| 262 |    *  @param  __binary_op A binary function object. | 
| 263 |    *  @return  The final sum. | 
| 264 |    * | 
| 265 |    *  Reduce the values in the range `[first,last)` using a binary operation. | 
| 266 |    *  The initial value is `init`.  The values are not necessarily processed | 
| 267 |    *  in order. | 
| 268 |    * | 
| 269 |    *  This algorithm is similar to `std::accumulate` but is not required to | 
| 270 |    *  perform the operations in order from first to last. For operations | 
| 271 |    *  that are commutative and associative the result will be the same as | 
| 272 |    *  for `std::accumulate`, but for other operations (such as floating point | 
| 273 |    *  arithmetic) the result can be different. | 
| 274 |    */ | 
| 275 |   template<typename _InputIterator, typename _Tp, typename _BinaryOperation> | 
| 276 |     _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR | 
| 277 |     _Tp | 
| 278 |     reduce(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last, _Tp __init, | 
| 279 | 	   _BinaryOperation __binary_op) | 
| 280 |     { | 
| 281 |       using __ref = typename iterator_traits<_InputIterator>::reference; | 
| 282 |       static_assert(is_invocable_r_v<_Tp, _BinaryOperation&, _Tp&, __ref>); | 
| 283 |       static_assert(is_invocable_r_v<_Tp, _BinaryOperation&, __ref, _Tp&>); | 
| 284 |       static_assert(is_invocable_r_v<_Tp, _BinaryOperation&, _Tp&, _Tp&>); | 
| 285 |       static_assert(is_invocable_r_v<_Tp, _BinaryOperation&, __ref, __ref>); | 
| 286 |       if constexpr (__is_random_access_iter<_InputIterator>::value) | 
| 287 | 	{ | 
| 288 | 	  while ((__last - __first) >= 4) | 
| 289 | 	    { | 
| 290 | 	      _Tp __v1 = __binary_op(__first[0], __first[1]); | 
| 291 | 	      _Tp __v2 = __binary_op(__first[2], __first[3]); | 
| 292 | 	      _Tp __v3 = __binary_op(__v1, __v2); | 
| 293 | 	      __init = __binary_op(__init, __v3); | 
| 294 | 	      __first += 4; | 
| 295 | 	    } | 
| 296 | 	} | 
| 297 |       for (; __first != __last; ++__first) | 
| 298 | 	__init = __binary_op(__init, *__first); | 
| 299 |       return __init; | 
| 300 |     } | 
| 301 |  | 
| 302 |  /** | 
| 303 |    *  @brief  Calculate reduction of values in a range. | 
| 304 |    * | 
| 305 |    *  @param  __first  Start of range. | 
| 306 |    *  @param  __last  End of range. | 
| 307 |    *  @param  __init  Starting value to add other values to. | 
| 308 |    *  @return  The final sum. | 
| 309 |    * | 
| 310 |    *  Reduce the values in the range `[first,last)` using addition. | 
| 311 |    *  Equivalent to calling `std::reduce(first, last, init, std::plus<>())`. | 
| 312 |    */ | 
| 313 |   template<typename _InputIterator, typename _Tp> | 
| 314 |     _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR | 
| 315 |     inline _Tp | 
| 316 |     reduce(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last, _Tp __init) | 
| 317 |     { return std::reduce(__first, __last, std::move(__init), plus<>()); } | 
| 318 |  | 
| 319 |   /** | 
| 320 |    *  @brief  Calculate reduction of values in a range. | 
| 321 |    * | 
| 322 |    *  @param  __first  Start of range. | 
| 323 |    *  @param  __last  End of range. | 
| 324 |    *  @return  The final sum. | 
| 325 |    * | 
| 326 |    *  Reduce the values in the range `[first,last)` using addition, with | 
| 327 |    *  an initial value of `T{}`, where `T` is the iterator's value type. | 
| 328 |    *  Equivalent to calling `std::reduce(first, last, T{}, std::plus<>())`. | 
| 329 |    */ | 
| 330 |   template<typename _InputIterator> | 
| 331 |     _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR | 
| 332 |     inline typename iterator_traits<_InputIterator>::value_type | 
| 333 |     reduce(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last) | 
| 334 |     { | 
| 335 |       using value_type = typename iterator_traits<_InputIterator>::value_type; | 
| 336 |       return std::reduce(__first, __last, value_type{}, plus<>()); | 
| 337 |     } | 
| 338 |  | 
| 339 |   /** | 
| 340 |    *  @brief  Combine elements from two ranges and reduce | 
| 341 |    * | 
| 342 |    *  @param  __first1  Start of first range. | 
| 343 |    *  @param  __last1  End of first range. | 
| 344 |    *  @param  __first2  Start of second range. | 
| 345 |    *  @param  __init  Starting value to add other values to. | 
| 346 |    *  @param  __binary_op1 The function used to perform reduction. | 
| 347 |    *  @param  __binary_op2 The function used to combine values from the ranges. | 
| 348 |    *  @return  The final sum. | 
| 349 |    * | 
| 350 |    *  Call `binary_op2(first1[n],first2[n])` for each `n` in `[0,last1-first1)` | 
| 351 |    *  and then use `binary_op1` to reduce the values returned by `binary_op2` | 
| 352 |    *  to a single value of type `T`. | 
| 353 |    * | 
| 354 |    *  The range beginning at `first2` must contain at least `last1-first1` | 
| 355 |    *  elements. | 
| 356 |    */ | 
| 357 |   template<typename _InputIterator1, typename _InputIterator2, typename _Tp, | 
| 358 | 	   typename _BinaryOperation1, typename _BinaryOperation2> | 
| 359 |     _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR | 
| 360 |     _Tp | 
| 361 |     transform_reduce(_InputIterator1 __first1, _InputIterator1 __last1, | 
| 362 | 		     _InputIterator2 __first2, _Tp __init, | 
| 363 | 		     _BinaryOperation1 __binary_op1, | 
| 364 | 		     _BinaryOperation2 __binary_op2) | 
| 365 |     { | 
| 366 |       if constexpr (__and_v<__is_random_access_iter<_InputIterator1>, | 
| 367 | 			    __is_random_access_iter<_InputIterator2>>) | 
| 368 | 	{ | 
| 369 | 	  while ((__last1 - __first1) >= 4) | 
| 370 | 	    { | 
| 371 | 	      _Tp __v1 = __binary_op1(__binary_op2(__first1[0], __first2[0]), | 
| 372 | 				      __binary_op2(__first1[1], __first2[1])); | 
| 373 | 	      _Tp __v2 = __binary_op1(__binary_op2(__first1[2], __first2[2]), | 
| 374 | 				      __binary_op2(__first1[3], __first2[3])); | 
| 375 | 	      _Tp __v3 = __binary_op1(__v1, __v2); | 
| 376 | 	      __init = __binary_op1(__init, __v3); | 
| 377 | 	      __first1 += 4; | 
| 378 | 	      __first2 += 4; | 
| 379 | 	    } | 
| 380 | 	} | 
| 381 |       for (; __first1 != __last1; ++__first1, (void) ++__first2) | 
| 382 | 	__init = __binary_op1(__init, __binary_op2(*__first1, *__first2)); | 
| 383 |       return __init; | 
| 384 |     } | 
| 385 |  | 
| 386 |   /** | 
| 387 |    *  @brief  Combine elements from two ranges and reduce | 
| 388 |    * | 
| 389 |    *  @param  __first1  Start of first range. | 
| 390 |    *  @param  __last1  End of first range. | 
| 391 |    *  @param  __first2  Start of second range. | 
| 392 |    *  @param  __init  Starting value to add other values to. | 
| 393 |    *  @return  The final sum. | 
| 394 |    * | 
| 395 |    *  Call `first1[n]*first2[n]` for each `n` in `[0,last1-first1)` and then | 
| 396 |    *  use addition to sum those products to a single value of type `T`. | 
| 397 |    * | 
| 398 |    *  The range beginning at `first2` must contain at least `last1-first1` | 
| 399 |    *  elements. | 
| 400 |    */ | 
| 401 |   template<typename _InputIterator1, typename _InputIterator2, typename _Tp> | 
| 402 |     _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR | 
| 403 |     inline _Tp | 
| 404 |     transform_reduce(_InputIterator1 __first1, _InputIterator1 __last1, | 
| 405 | 		     _InputIterator2 __first2, _Tp __init) | 
| 406 |     { | 
| 407 |       return std::transform_reduce(__first1, __last1, __first2, | 
| 408 | 				   std::move(__init), | 
| 409 | 				   plus<>(), multiplies<>()); | 
| 410 |     } | 
| 411 |  | 
| 412 |   /** | 
| 413 |    *  @brief  Transform the elements of a range and reduce | 
| 414 |    * | 
| 415 |    *  @param  __first  Start of range. | 
| 416 |    *  @param  __last  End of range. | 
| 417 |    *  @param  __init  Starting value to add other values to. | 
| 418 |    *  @param  __binary_op The function used to perform reduction. | 
| 419 |    *  @param  __unary_op The function used to transform values from the range. | 
| 420 |    *  @return  The final sum. | 
| 421 |    * | 
| 422 |    *  Call `unary_op(first[n])` for each `n` in `[0,last-first)` and then | 
| 423 |    *  use `binary_op` to reduce the values returned by `unary_op` | 
| 424 |    *  to a single value of type `T`. | 
| 425 |    */ | 
| 426 |   template<typename _InputIterator, typename _Tp, | 
| 427 | 	   typename _BinaryOperation, typename _UnaryOperation> | 
| 428 |     _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR | 
| 429 |     _Tp | 
| 430 |     transform_reduce(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last, _Tp __init, | 
| 431 | 		     _BinaryOperation __binary_op, _UnaryOperation __unary_op) | 
| 432 |     { | 
| 433 |       if constexpr (__is_random_access_iter<_InputIterator>::value) | 
| 434 | 	{ | 
| 435 | 	  while ((__last - __first) >= 4) | 
| 436 | 	    { | 
| 437 | 	      _Tp __v1 = __binary_op(__unary_op(__first[0]), | 
| 438 | 				     __unary_op(__first[1])); | 
| 439 | 	      _Tp __v2 = __binary_op(__unary_op(__first[2]), | 
| 440 | 				     __unary_op(__first[3])); | 
| 441 | 	      _Tp __v3 = __binary_op(__v1, __v2); | 
| 442 | 	      __init = __binary_op(__init, __v3); | 
| 443 | 	      __first += 4; | 
| 444 | 	    } | 
| 445 | 	} | 
| 446 |       for (; __first != __last; ++__first) | 
| 447 | 	__init = __binary_op(__init, __unary_op(*__first)); | 
| 448 |       return __init; | 
| 449 |     } | 
| 450 |  | 
| 451 |   /** @brief Output the cumulative sum of one range to a second range | 
| 452 |    * | 
| 453 |    *  @param __first  Start of input range. | 
| 454 |    *  @param __last   End of input range. | 
| 455 |    *  @param __result Start of output range. | 
| 456 |    *  @param __init   Initial value. | 
| 457 |    *  @param __binary_op Function to perform summation. | 
| 458 |    *  @return The end of the output range. | 
| 459 |    * | 
| 460 |    *  Write the cumulative sum (aka prefix sum, aka scan) of the input range | 
| 461 |    *  to the output range. Each element of the output range contains the | 
| 462 |    *  running total of all earlier elements (and the initial value), | 
| 463 |    *  using `binary_op` for summation. | 
| 464 |    * | 
| 465 |    *  This function generates an "exclusive" scan, meaning the Nth element | 
| 466 |    *  of the output range is the sum of the first N-1 input elements, | 
| 467 |    *  so the Nth input element is not included. | 
| 468 |    */ | 
| 469 |   template<typename _InputIterator, typename _OutputIterator, typename _Tp, | 
| 470 | 	   typename _BinaryOperation> | 
| 471 |     _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR | 
| 472 |     _OutputIterator | 
| 473 |     exclusive_scan(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last, | 
| 474 | 		   _OutputIterator __result, _Tp __init, | 
| 475 | 		   _BinaryOperation __binary_op) | 
| 476 |     { | 
| 477 |       while (__first != __last) | 
| 478 | 	{ | 
| 479 | 	  auto __v = __init; | 
| 480 | 	  __init = __binary_op(__init, *__first); | 
| 481 | 	  ++__first; | 
| 482 | 	  *__result++ = std::move(__v); | 
| 483 | 	} | 
| 484 |       return __result; | 
| 485 |     } | 
| 486 |  | 
| 487 |   /** @brief Output the cumulative sum of one range to a second range | 
| 488 |    * | 
| 489 |    *  @param __first  Start of input range. | 
| 490 |    *  @param __last   End of input range. | 
| 491 |    *  @param __result Start of output range. | 
| 492 |    *  @param __init   Initial value. | 
| 493 |    *  @return The end of the output range. | 
| 494 |    * | 
| 495 |    *  Write the cumulative sum (aka prefix sum, aka scan) of the input range | 
| 496 |    *  to the output range. Each element of the output range contains the | 
| 497 |    *  running total of all earlier elements (and the initial value), | 
| 498 |    *  using `std::plus<>` for summation. | 
| 499 |    * | 
| 500 |    *  This function generates an "exclusive" scan, meaning the Nth element | 
| 501 |    *  of the output range is the sum of the first N-1 input elements, | 
| 502 |    *  so the Nth input element is not included. | 
| 503 |    */ | 
| 504 |   template<typename _InputIterator, typename _OutputIterator, typename _Tp> | 
| 505 |     _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR | 
| 506 |     inline _OutputIterator | 
| 507 |     exclusive_scan(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last, | 
| 508 | 		   _OutputIterator __result, _Tp __init) | 
| 509 |     { | 
| 510 |       return std::exclusive_scan(__first, __last, __result, std::move(__init), | 
| 511 | 				 plus<>()); | 
| 512 |     } | 
| 513 |  | 
| 514 |   /** @brief Output the cumulative sum of one range to a second range | 
| 515 |    * | 
| 516 |    *  @param __first  Start of input range. | 
| 517 |    *  @param __last   End of input range. | 
| 518 |    *  @param __result Start of output range. | 
| 519 |    *  @param __binary_op Function to perform summation. | 
| 520 |    *  @param __init   Initial value. | 
| 521 |    *  @return The end of the output range. | 
| 522 |    * | 
| 523 |    *  Write the cumulative sum (aka prefix sum, aka scan) of the input range | 
| 524 |    *  to the output range. Each element of the output range contains the | 
| 525 |    *  running total of all earlier elements (and the initial value), | 
| 526 |    *  using `binary_op` for summation. | 
| 527 |    * | 
| 528 |    *  This function generates an "inclusive" scan, meaning the Nth element | 
| 529 |    *  of the output range is the sum of the first N input elements, | 
| 530 |    *  so the Nth input element is included. | 
| 531 |    */ | 
| 532 |   template<typename _InputIterator, typename _OutputIterator, | 
| 533 | 	   typename _BinaryOperation, typename _Tp> | 
| 534 |     _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR | 
| 535 |     _OutputIterator | 
| 536 |     inclusive_scan(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last, | 
| 537 | 		   _OutputIterator __result, _BinaryOperation __binary_op, | 
| 538 | 		   _Tp __init) | 
| 539 |     { | 
| 540 |       for (; __first != __last; ++__first) | 
| 541 | 	*__result++ = __init = __binary_op(__init, *__first); | 
| 542 |       return __result; | 
| 543 |     } | 
| 544 |  | 
| 545 |   /** @brief Output the cumulative sum of one range to a second range | 
| 546 |    * | 
| 547 |    *  @param __first  Start of input range. | 
| 548 |    *  @param __last   End of input range. | 
| 549 |    *  @param __result Start of output range. | 
| 550 |    *  @param __binary_op Function to perform summation. | 
| 551 |    *  @return The end of the output range. | 
| 552 |    * | 
| 553 |    *  Write the cumulative sum (aka prefix sum, aka scan) of the input range | 
| 554 |    *  to the output range. Each element of the output range contains the | 
| 555 |    *  running total of all earlier elements, using `binary_op` for summation. | 
| 556 |    * | 
| 557 |    *  This function generates an "inclusive" scan, meaning the Nth element | 
| 558 |    *  of the output range is the sum of the first N input elements, | 
| 559 |    *  so the Nth input element is included. | 
| 560 |    */ | 
| 561 |   template<typename _InputIterator, typename _OutputIterator, | 
| 562 | 	   typename _BinaryOperation> | 
| 563 |     _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR | 
| 564 |     _OutputIterator | 
| 565 |     inclusive_scan(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last, | 
| 566 | 		   _OutputIterator __result, _BinaryOperation __binary_op) | 
| 567 |     { | 
| 568 |       if (__first != __last) | 
| 569 | 	{ | 
| 570 | 	  auto __init = *__first; | 
| 571 | 	  *__result++ = __init; | 
| 572 | 	  ++__first; | 
| 573 | 	  if (__first != __last) | 
| 574 | 	    __result = std::inclusive_scan(__first, __last, __result, | 
| 575 | 					   __binary_op, std::move(__init)); | 
| 576 | 	} | 
| 577 |       return __result; | 
| 578 |     } | 
| 579 |  | 
| 580 |   /** @brief Output the cumulative sum of one range to a second range | 
| 581 |    * | 
| 582 |    *  @param __first  Start of input range. | 
| 583 |    *  @param __last   End of input range. | 
| 584 |    *  @param __result Start of output range. | 
| 585 |    *  @return The end of the output range. | 
| 586 |    * | 
| 587 |    *  Write the cumulative sum (aka prefix sum, aka scan) of the input range | 
| 588 |    *  to the output range. Each element of the output range contains the | 
| 589 |    *  running total of all earlier elements, using `std::plus<>` for summation. | 
| 590 |    * | 
| 591 |    *  This function generates an "inclusive" scan, meaning the Nth element | 
| 592 |    *  of the output range is the sum of the first N input elements, | 
| 593 |    *  so the Nth input element is included. | 
| 594 |    */ | 
| 595 |   template<typename _InputIterator, typename _OutputIterator> | 
| 596 |     _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR | 
| 597 |     inline _OutputIterator | 
| 598 |     inclusive_scan(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last, | 
| 599 | 		   _OutputIterator __result) | 
| 600 |     { return std::inclusive_scan(__first, __last, __result, plus<>()); } | 
| 601 |  | 
| 602 |   /** @brief Output the cumulative sum of one range to a second range | 
| 603 |    * | 
| 604 |    *  @param __first  Start of input range. | 
| 605 |    *  @param __last   End of input range. | 
| 606 |    *  @param __result Start of output range. | 
| 607 |    *  @param __init   Initial value. | 
| 608 |    *  @param __binary_op Function to perform summation. | 
| 609 |    *  @param __unary_op Function to transform elements of the input range. | 
| 610 |    *  @return The end of the output range. | 
| 611 |    * | 
| 612 |    *  Write the cumulative sum (aka prefix sum, aka scan) of the input range | 
| 613 |    *  to the output range. Each element of the output range contains the | 
| 614 |    *  running total of all earlier elements (and the initial value), | 
| 615 |    *  using `__unary_op` to transform the input elements | 
| 616 |    *  and using `__binary_op` for summation. | 
| 617 |    * | 
| 618 |    *  This function generates an "exclusive" scan, meaning the Nth element | 
| 619 |    *  of the output range is the sum of the first N-1 input elements, | 
| 620 |    *  so the Nth input element is not included. | 
| 621 |    */ | 
| 622 |   template<typename _InputIterator, typename _OutputIterator, typename _Tp, | 
| 623 | 	   typename _BinaryOperation, typename _UnaryOperation> | 
| 624 |     _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR | 
| 625 |     _OutputIterator | 
| 626 |     transform_exclusive_scan(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last, | 
| 627 | 			     _OutputIterator __result, _Tp __init, | 
| 628 | 			     _BinaryOperation __binary_op, | 
| 629 | 			     _UnaryOperation __unary_op) | 
| 630 |     { | 
| 631 |       while (__first != __last) | 
| 632 | 	{ | 
| 633 | 	  auto __v = __init; | 
| 634 | 	  __init = __binary_op(__init, __unary_op(*__first)); | 
| 635 | 	  ++__first; | 
| 636 | 	  *__result++ = std::move(__v); | 
| 637 | 	} | 
| 638 |       return __result; | 
| 639 |     } | 
| 640 |  | 
| 641 |   /** @brief Output the cumulative sum of one range to a second range | 
| 642 |    * | 
| 643 |    *  @param __first  Start of input range. | 
| 644 |    *  @param __last   End of input range. | 
| 645 |    *  @param __result Start of output range. | 
| 646 |    *  @param __binary_op Function to perform summation. | 
| 647 |    *  @param __unary_op Function to transform elements of the input range. | 
| 648 |    *  @param __init   Initial value. | 
| 649 |    *  @return The end of the output range. | 
| 650 |    * | 
| 651 |    *  Write the cumulative sum (aka prefix sum, aka scan) of the input range | 
| 652 |    *  to the output range. Each element of the output range contains the | 
| 653 |    *  running total of all earlier elements (and the initial value), | 
| 654 |    *  using `__unary_op` to transform the input elements | 
| 655 |    *  and using `__binary_op` for summation. | 
| 656 |    * | 
| 657 |    *  This function generates an "inclusive" scan, meaning the Nth element | 
| 658 |    *  of the output range is the sum of the first N input elements, | 
| 659 |    *  so the Nth input element is included. | 
| 660 |    */ | 
| 661 |   template<typename _InputIterator, typename _OutputIterator, | 
| 662 | 	   typename _BinaryOperation, typename _UnaryOperation, typename _Tp> | 
| 663 |     _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR | 
| 664 |     _OutputIterator | 
| 665 |     transform_inclusive_scan(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last, | 
| 666 | 			     _OutputIterator __result, | 
| 667 | 			     _BinaryOperation __binary_op, | 
| 668 | 			     _UnaryOperation __unary_op, | 
| 669 | 			     _Tp __init) | 
| 670 |     { | 
| 671 |       for (; __first != __last; ++__first) | 
| 672 | 	*__result++ = __init = __binary_op(__init, __unary_op(*__first)); | 
| 673 |       return __result; | 
| 674 |     } | 
| 675 |  | 
| 676 |   /** @brief Output the cumulative sum of one range to a second range | 
| 677 |    * | 
| 678 |    *  @param __first  Start of input range. | 
| 679 |    *  @param __last   End of input range. | 
| 680 |    *  @param __result Start of output range. | 
| 681 |    *  @param __binary_op Function to perform summation. | 
| 682 |    *  @param __unary_op Function to transform elements of the input range. | 
| 683 |    *  @return The end of the output range. | 
| 684 |    * | 
| 685 |    *  Write the cumulative sum (aka prefix sum, aka scan) of the input range | 
| 686 |    *  to the output range. Each element of the output range contains the | 
| 687 |    *  running total of all earlier elements, | 
| 688 |    *  using `__unary_op` to transform the input elements | 
| 689 |    *  and using `__binary_op` for summation. | 
| 690 |    * | 
| 691 |    *  This function generates an "inclusive" scan, meaning the Nth element | 
| 692 |    *  of the output range is the sum of the first N input elements, | 
| 693 |    *  so the Nth input element is included. | 
| 694 |    */ | 
| 695 |   template<typename _InputIterator, typename _OutputIterator, | 
| 696 | 	  typename _BinaryOperation, typename _UnaryOperation> | 
| 697 |     _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR | 
| 698 |     _OutputIterator | 
| 699 |     transform_inclusive_scan(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last, | 
| 700 | 			     _OutputIterator __result, | 
| 701 | 			     _BinaryOperation __binary_op, | 
| 702 | 			     _UnaryOperation __unary_op) | 
| 703 |     { | 
| 704 |       if (__first != __last) | 
| 705 | 	{ | 
| 706 | 	  auto __init = __unary_op(*__first); | 
| 707 | 	  *__result++ = __init; | 
| 708 | 	  ++__first; | 
| 709 | 	  if (__first != __last) | 
| 710 | 	    __result = std::transform_inclusive_scan(__first, __last, __result, | 
| 711 | 						     __binary_op, __unary_op, | 
| 712 | 						     std::move(__init)); | 
| 713 | 	} | 
| 714 |       return __result; | 
| 715 |     } | 
| 716 |  | 
| 717 |   /// @} group numeric_ops | 
| 718 | #endif // C++17 | 
| 719 |  | 
| 720 | _GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE_VERSION | 
| 721 | } // namespace std | 
| 722 |  | 
| 723 | #if __cplusplus >= 201703L | 
| 724 | // Parallel STL algorithms | 
| 725 | # if _PSTL_EXECUTION_POLICIES_DEFINED | 
| 726 | // If <execution> has already been included, pull in implementations | 
| 727 | #  include <pstl/glue_numeric_impl.h> | 
| 728 | # else | 
| 729 | // Otherwise just pull in forward declarations | 
| 730 | #  include <pstl/glue_numeric_defs.h> | 
| 731 | #  define _PSTL_NUMERIC_FORWARD_DECLARED 1 | 
| 732 | # endif | 
| 733 |  | 
| 734 | // Feature test macro for parallel algorithms | 
| 735 | # define __cpp_lib_parallel_algorithm 201603L | 
| 736 | #endif // C++17 | 
| 737 |  | 
| 738 | #endif /* _GLIBCXX_NUMERIC */ | 
| 739 |  |